American biologist who won the 2025 Nobel prize for physiology or medicine, alongside Fred Ramsdell and Sakaguchi Shimon, for identifying regulatory T-cells (Tregs), the agents responsible for peripheral immune tolerance.
In 2001, while working at Celltech Chiroscience, a British biotech firm, Dr Brunkow and Dr Ramsdell investigated a strain of mice which develop a severe and lethal autoimmune disorder. They found the cause was a mutation in a gene called Foxp3—and that people with IPEX, a serious autoimmune condition, have similar mutations.
lawsuit, n.: A machine which you go into as a pig and come out as a sausage.